Architecture: Cubesats explained

Modular architectures (highly reusable designs) allow for the creation of new market segments to explore. A good example are Cubesats:
https://www.space.com/29320-cubesats-spacecraft-tech-explained-infographic.html

Quoting:
"The CubeSat program began in 1999 as a collaboration between California Polytechnic State University and Stanford University. The goal was to design a standard for picosatellites, tiny Earth-orbiting boxes usually with a volume of about 61 cubic inches (1 liter) and a mass of about 2.9 lbs. (1.33 kilograms).

CubeSats are built in a variety of sizes, from 1U (one unit) up to three-plus units. Rails on the edges smooth the ride as the satellite is ejected from the P-POD deployer. Rectangular access doors are arrayed down the side of the satellite."

Architecture: Cutting down exploration costs through redesign

This is more related to Systems Engineering (not software Engineering) but is an interesting effort to drive down system costs (development and operation) through the development of a new, ground breaking architecture to explore the moon, and from there the solar system:
https://www.space.com/37464-moon-express-solar-system-exploration.html

Quoting:
"Therefore, the potential exists to cut space-exploration costs significantly — for example, by an order of magnitude or so on MX-9 missions, Richards said.

"That's when you get a radical price reduction — a collapse, really, of the costs down to hundreds of thousands of dollars a kilogram [of payload to the lunar surface] from the millions that it is today for smaller systems," he told Space.com. "I really hope that we're able to do for lunar access what cubesats did for access to low Earth orbit.""